This report captures issues and recommendations from the landmark 2009 Nutrition Health Convention, hosted by the Government of Southern Sudan Ministry of Health Directorate of Nutrition. Participants reviewed and examined the extent, possible causes, and cumulative impact of the continued failure to effectively address the high prevalence of malnutrition throughout Southern Sudan. The convention served as a launchpad for the development of a Southern Sudan nutrition health policy and the integration of direct nutrition interventions into the basic package of primary health care services.